Luxembourgish has been spoken since Frankish times (c. 1,000 AD), along the banks of the Moselle. Literature in Luxembourgish flourished during the 19th century. Luxembourgish started to be used as a language of instruction in schools in 1914. A new spelling system, Lëzebuurjer Ortografi, was devised by Jean Feltes, a phonetician, in 1946, though it never really caught on. In 1950 Joseph Tockert, Helene Palgen, and Robert Bruch were commissioned to produce a new Luxembourgish dictionary. They invented a new spelling system for the dictionary, which was adopted as the official one in 1976, when Feltes' system was dropped.